EDUKASI - Pernahkah Anda membaca atau menemukan soal berupa teks dongeng di soal bahasa Inggris? Teks tersebut bernama narrative text atau teks narasi.
Teks jenis ini sering muncul di soal ujian bahasa Inggris baik SD, SMP, dan SMA. Biasanya soal yang muncul setelah teks ini berupa soal tenses yang dipakai atau nilai moral.
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Narrative text memang berbentuk teks cerita. Tujuan dari teks ini adalah untuk menghibur pembaca atau menceritakan sebuah kisah. Narrative text biasanya berupa dongeng, fabel, atau cerita rakyat.
Melansir dari laman English First, narrative text memiliki struktur yang unik. Struktur tersebut berupa:
- Orientation (pengenalan tokoh dan latar)
- Complication (konflik dalam cerita)
- Resolution (pemecahan masalah)
- Reorientation (kesimpulan)
Narrative text sering disamakan dengan recount text, padahal mereka berbeda. Berbeda dengan narrative text, recount text mengisahkan pengalaman pribadi atau sebuah biografi tokoh.
Baik narrative maupun recount text menggunakan tenses yang sama. Karena menceritakan kejadian di masa lampau, dua text ini menggunakan past tense. Anda bisa menemukan bentuk simple, continuous, atau perfect dalam bentuk past di narrative dan recount text.
Dalam narrative dan recount text biasanya mengandung moral value. Anda mungkin sering menjawab pertanyaan tentang nilai moral yang ada di kedua teks tersebut. Berikut contoh narrative text, bersumber dari Bedtime Short Stories.
Three Little Pigs
Once upon a time, there were three little pigs. The time came for them to seek their fortunes and build their house. The first little pig built his house of straw while the middle brother decided to build a house of sticks.
They were done with building their houses very quickly and without much hard work. The third pig, the oldest, decided to build a house of bricks.
He did not mind doing some hard work because he wanted a strong house. He knew that in the woods nearby, there was a wolf. The wolf liked to catche little pigs and eat them up.
When the three houses were finished, they sang and danced happily the whole day. After enjoying a lot, a big bad wolf popped up from the woods. The little pig got scared and quickly hid in his house made of straws.
The big bad wolf huffed and puffed and blew the house down in minutes. Seeing this the little pig ran to his middle brother's house made of sticks.
The wolf now came to this house. The wolf huffed and puffed and blew the house down in hardly any time. Now, both the terrified pigs ran to their oldest brother's house which was made of bricks.
The big bad wolf tried to huff and puff and blow the third house down, but he could not. He kept trying for hours but the house was very strong and all the three pigs were safe inside.
He tried to enter through the chimney but the third pig boiled a big pot of water and kept it below the chimney. The wolf fell into it and died.
Now, the two pigs felt sorry for being so lazy while building the houses. They also built their houses with bricks and all the three little pigs lived happily ever after.
Sesuai dengan struktur narrative text, paragraf 1-3 merupakan orientation. Paragraf 4 dan 5 merupakan complication dan paragraf 6-7 adalah resolution. Paragraf 8 dan 9 adalah reorientation yang juga mengandung nilai moral.
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